Vukovar Vinkovci bronze disc
Runic Inscription
(Vukovar Vinkovci bronz disc rovásírásos felirata)
Script: Western Old Turkic, local Avar variant (no front-back distinction in consonants; synharmony determined by choice of vowel , either back vowel /a, o, u, l / or front vowel /e/, /i/ /ü/, /ö/, if unmarked, default /a/ or according to vowel harmony.
Language: Local Pannonean Avar, an extinct, hitherto unknown Old Turkic dialect
See Current Research (under "MORE" above) for details and my decipherment.
Photo Credit: cogniarchae.com
Runic Inscription
(Vukovar Vinkovci bronz disc rovásírásos felirata)
Script: Western Old Turkic, local Avar variant (no front-back distinction in consonants; synharmony determined by choice of vowel , either back vowel /a, o, u, l / or front vowel /e/, /i/ /ü/, /ö/, if unmarked, default /a/ or according to vowel harmony.
Language: Local Pannonean Avar, an extinct, hitherto unknown Old Turkic dialect
See Current Research (under "MORE" above) for details and my decipherment.
Photo Credit: cogniarchae.com
Nagyszentmiklos Treasure
Runic Inscriptions
- Script: Western Old Turkic, local Avar variant (no front-back distinction in consonants; synharmony determined by choice of vowel , either back vowel /a, o, u, l / or front vowel /e/, /i/ /ü/, /ö/, if unmarked, default /a/).
- Language: Late European (Pannonean) Avar, an extinct, hitherto unknown KIrghiz-Kipchak-related Turkic dialect
Summary of the deciphered inscriptions (all runic texts are read right to left):
Vessel/ Inscription: VIII/ 1:
+ kondu + guk( l )n + gu(k)(:)küüi + r(a)y 'guk settlement of Kondu Guk (is) paradise '
Notes: turkic küü 'small, rural settlement' is of middle persian origin; kondu 'sage, wizard, seer' is of middle
persian origin; ray 'paradise' would be a slavic loanword of ultimate persian origin; middle persian wak 'frog' > 'gwak' ~ baka 'frog'? > turkic guk 'frog' is attested and is a presumed middle persian loanword.
Vessel/ Inscription: IX, X, XVII, XXII, XXIII/ 2:
bash-küji : guor 'head-strength' (willful, intelligent) : Guor (name of a Celtic?
tribe or chieftain)'
Alternative reading: bash-küji : guor 'Stronghold Guor' (a place name)
Notes: bash-küji ( j pronounced -dg- as in English 'judge') < turkic bash 'head; mountain, Burg; leader'; küchi, küchli 'having strength, power'. Guor was a medieval place name in northwestern Hungary
near Austrian border attested in 13th century Hungarian document as Castrum Guor 'Castle Guor'. The
Hungarian village Gór in Vas Meggye (Vas County) is the town that grew up around Castrum Guor.
Second Alternative reading bash-küji : guor 'Leader Guor' (name of a Celtic? leader)
Notes: According to turkic orthographic rules the -uo- diphthong should have been broken up with a -y- or -w-,
so "Guor" cannot be a turkic name.)
Vessel/ Inscription: XXIII/ 3:
kuy(u)m : kenti '(the) city of gold jewelry' (kent 'city' is a Sogdian loanword)
Vessel/ Inscription: VI/ 4:
kuy(u)m 'gold jewelry' (kuyum 'cast gold jewelry' is of turkic origin)
Vessel/ Inscription: III, IV/ 7:
kondu 'sage, wizard, seer' (kondu is a loanword of middle persian origin)
Vessel/ Inscription: XV, XVI/ 8:
kul-küb(e) 'slave-earrings' (both kul 'slave' and kübe 'earrings' are of turkic origin)
Vessel/ Inscription: V/ 9, 10:
zinch(i)s 'Zinchis' (a personal name meaning 'the Ethiopean')
(a)nt(e)ka 'Anteka' (a personal name meaning 'the little Slav')
Notes: Zinchis would be the Byzantine form of zenji 'Ethiopean', turkic of ultimate
arabic origin. Antae as the name of a slavic or persio-slavic people group was last attested in 602 AD but may
have survived as a personal name. -ka is a slavic diminutive suffix.
Vessel/ Inscription: XI/ 11:
s(a)z 'marsh, swamp' (saz 'marsh, swamp' is of kirghiz-turkic origin)
Vessel/ Inscription: VIII/ 1:
+ kondu + guk( l )n + gu(k)(:)küüi + r(a)y 'guk settlement of Kondu Guk (is) paradise '
Notes: turkic küü 'small, rural settlement' is of middle persian origin; kondu 'sage, wizard, seer' is of middle
persian origin; ray 'paradise' would be a slavic loanword of ultimate persian origin; middle persian wak 'frog' > 'gwak' ~ baka 'frog'? > turkic guk 'frog' is attested and is a presumed middle persian loanword.
Vessel/ Inscription: IX, X, XVII, XXII, XXIII/ 2:
bash-küji : guor 'head-strength' (willful, intelligent) : Guor (name of a Celtic?
tribe or chieftain)'
Alternative reading: bash-küji : guor 'Stronghold Guor' (a place name)
Notes: bash-küji ( j pronounced -dg- as in English 'judge') < turkic bash 'head; mountain, Burg; leader'; küchi, küchli 'having strength, power'. Guor was a medieval place name in northwestern Hungary
near Austrian border attested in 13th century Hungarian document as Castrum Guor 'Castle Guor'. The
Hungarian village Gór in Vas Meggye (Vas County) is the town that grew up around Castrum Guor.
Second Alternative reading bash-küji : guor 'Leader Guor' (name of a Celtic? leader)
Notes: According to turkic orthographic rules the -uo- diphthong should have been broken up with a -y- or -w-,
so "Guor" cannot be a turkic name.)
Vessel/ Inscription: XXIII/ 3:
kuy(u)m : kenti '(the) city of gold jewelry' (kent 'city' is a Sogdian loanword)
Vessel/ Inscription: VI/ 4:
kuy(u)m 'gold jewelry' (kuyum 'cast gold jewelry' is of turkic origin)
Vessel/ Inscription: III, IV/ 7:
kondu 'sage, wizard, seer' (kondu is a loanword of middle persian origin)
Vessel/ Inscription: XV, XVI/ 8:
kul-küb(e) 'slave-earrings' (both kul 'slave' and kübe 'earrings' are of turkic origin)
Vessel/ Inscription: V/ 9, 10:
zinch(i)s 'Zinchis' (a personal name meaning 'the Ethiopean')
(a)nt(e)ka 'Anteka' (a personal name meaning 'the little Slav')
Notes: Zinchis would be the Byzantine form of zenji 'Ethiopean', turkic of ultimate
arabic origin. Antae as the name of a slavic or persio-slavic people group was last attested in 602 AD but may
have survived as a personal name. -ka is a slavic diminutive suffix.
Vessel/ Inscription: XI/ 11:
s(a)z 'marsh, swamp' (saz 'marsh, swamp' is of kirghiz-turkic origin)
Vessel/ Inscripton: II/ 15:
Pictogram of two "choom"s -- Portable tent dwellings used by Siberian nomadic peoples for thousands of years. These are not Mongolian or Cuman yurts.
Note: The row of small notches represents the number of tents in the settlement. I count 25 notches, so this settlement had about 25 tents or about 150 people. According to Walter Pohl, (The Avars, 2018: 206) this is about one half of an average Avar settlement of 50 tents.
Also note that the avar unit of settlement was called a tent.
Pictogram of two "choom"s -- Portable tent dwellings used by Siberian nomadic peoples for thousands of years. These are not Mongolian or Cuman yurts.
Note: The row of small notches represents the number of tents in the settlement. I count 25 notches, so this settlement had about 25 tents or about 150 people. According to Walter Pohl, (The Avars, 2018: 206) this is about one half of an average Avar settlement of 50 tents.
Also note that the avar unit of settlement was called a tent.
Szarvas Bone Needle Case
Runic Inscription
- Script: Western Old Turkic, local Pannonean Avar variant
- Language: Late European (Pannonean) Avar, an extinct, hitherto unknown KIrghiz-Kipchak-related Turkic dialect
Side III/ Line 1 of the inscription, read from Rona-Tas drawing 32 to 51 (right to left).
Is : s(a)y(u)lur(a)y (:) gurok : pur(u)m : y(i)nt ök!
Literal Translation: 'To cause to be counted as a companion (she) seeks a Gurok (a Greek) or a Byzantine. Whoopee! (hungarian csuhaj)!'
Plain Translation: 'She seeks to take a Greek or Byzantine as a companion!'
Notes: Sound change for turkic is 'companion': -s < -sh.
Side II/ Line 2 of the inscription, read from Rona-Tas drawing 20 to 31 (right to left)
including [1 to 2] (right to left) of Side I/ Line 3 to complete Line 2 (in brackets).
Bil(i)s : s(l)na : s(a)nch(a)y : k(i)nd(i)[r ök]!
Literal Translation: 'Acquaintances testing (and) jabbing (she) incites (or provokes).' Whoopee! (hungarian csuhaj)!'
Plain Translation: 'Testing and prodding acquaintances she incites (or provokes) [them to do it, that is, sleep with her]!'
Notes: Sound change -s < -sh.
Side I/ Line 3 of the inscription, read from Rona-Tas drawing 3 to 11 (right to left)
(and skipping 1 to 2 which is a continuation of Side II/ Line 2).
Kur(u)n : s(a)n : kör ök!
Literal Translation: ' "Kurun" (she) counts herself.' Look! (or "and obeys!") Whoopee! (hungarian csuhaj)!'
Plain Translation: 'Hey look! She considers herself "kurun"!'
Note: turkic qur 'time, age; stage, stage of life, series, row'
Is : s(a)y(u)lur(a)y (:) gurok : pur(u)m : y(i)nt ök!
Literal Translation: 'To cause to be counted as a companion (she) seeks a Gurok (a Greek) or a Byzantine. Whoopee! (hungarian csuhaj)!'
Plain Translation: 'She seeks to take a Greek or Byzantine as a companion!'
Notes: Sound change for turkic is 'companion': -s < -sh.
Side II/ Line 2 of the inscription, read from Rona-Tas drawing 20 to 31 (right to left)
including [1 to 2] (right to left) of Side I/ Line 3 to complete Line 2 (in brackets).
Bil(i)s : s(l)na : s(a)nch(a)y : k(i)nd(i)[r ök]!
Literal Translation: 'Acquaintances testing (and) jabbing (she) incites (or provokes).' Whoopee! (hungarian csuhaj)!'
Plain Translation: 'Testing and prodding acquaintances she incites (or provokes) [them to do it, that is, sleep with her]!'
Notes: Sound change -s < -sh.
Side I/ Line 3 of the inscription, read from Rona-Tas drawing 3 to 11 (right to left)
(and skipping 1 to 2 which is a continuation of Side II/ Line 2).
Kur(u)n : s(a)n : kör ök!
Literal Translation: ' "Kurun" (she) counts herself.' Look! (or "and obeys!") Whoopee! (hungarian csuhaj)!'
Plain Translation: 'Hey look! She considers herself "kurun"!'
Note: turkic qur 'time, age; stage, stage of life, series, row'
Side IV/ Line 4 of the inscription, read from Rona-Tas drawing 53 to 59 (right to left).
As yet undeciphered.
As yet undeciphered.
Kiskundorozsma Bone Bowgrip
Runic Inscription
- Script: Western Old Turkic, local Pannonean Avar variant
- Language: Late European (Pannonean) Avar, an extinct, hitherto unknown KIrghiz-Kipchak-related Turkic dialect
Inscription is read from right to left.
B(a)k(a)Gh (:) s(a)k(k)(a)y (:) (a)ntu
or
B(a)k(a)ny (:) s(a)k(k)(a)y (:) (a)ntu
Translation: 'Baka(ny) will reckon thusly'
Plain English: 'Baka(ny) keeps count [of his kills] like this'
Hungarian: így tartja pontszámon a Bakany.
Notes: -ny is the digraph for palatal n, as in English canyon or Hungarian anya 'mother'. Gh is the fricative g.
B(a)k(a)Gh (:) s(a)k(k)(a)y (:) (a)ntu
or
B(a)k(a)ny (:) s(a)k(k)(a)y (:) (a)ntu
Translation: 'Baka(ny) will reckon thusly'
Plain English: 'Baka(ny) keeps count [of his kills] like this'
Hungarian: így tartja pontszámon a Bakany.
Notes: -ny is the digraph for palatal n, as in English canyon or Hungarian anya 'mother'. Gh is the fricative g.
Source: D. Dulin, Hungarian Rune Project, (Old HRP Site -- Summary).
Proposed orthography for the Pannonian Avar Script
Axiom 1. Script is a derivative of the Old Turkic Synharmonic Script.
Axiom 2. Pannonia Avar Script is no longer synharmonic. It has been transformed into a western-style alphabet (Greek, Latin) with full compliment of vowels which have come to contrast the features high vs. low, front vs. back, and round vs. unrounded. Consequently, the Pannonian Avar Script no longer exhibits synharmonousity and exhibits only one set of consonants.
Axiom 3. Synharmonousity is achieved by the choice of vowels in any given word. Words that are unmarked are assumed +back, -high, - round = /a/.
Axiom 1. Script is a derivative of the Old Turkic Synharmonic Script.
Axiom 2. Pannonia Avar Script is no longer synharmonic. It has been transformed into a western-style alphabet (Greek, Latin) with full compliment of vowels which have come to contrast the features high vs. low, front vs. back, and round vs. unrounded. Consequently, the Pannonian Avar Script no longer exhibits synharmonousity and exhibits only one set of consonants.
Axiom 3. Synharmonousity is achieved by the choice of vowels in any given word. Words that are unmarked are assumed +back, -high, - round = /a/.
https://www.aol.com/4-000-old-rock-becomes-172323737.htmlInteresting post by Victor Mair on languagelog (Feb 2020) concerning turkic runic amulet found in Yakutia in 2018:
https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=45987
Hungarian Rune Project receives glowing endorcement from upenn's languagelog (May 2021):
https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=51028
VHM [Victor H. Mair]: "For those who are interested in the history of Turkic runes, from Siberia to Hungary, I cannot recommend this website [Hungarian Rune Project] highly enough. The inscriptions, which are on long, narrow bone objects such as needle cases and bowgrips, are surprisingly lively and informative about culture and society, with the words being drawn from many languages."
László Károly's database of turkic runiform inscriptions:
http://www.runiform.lingfil.uu.se/wiki/Inscriptions_-_Full_list
Türkic Scripts - Codex of Inscriptions:
http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/30_Writing/Codex_EuroAsiaticS._Enisei_En.htm
Omniglot -- Old Turkic / Orkhon Alphabet:
https://omniglot.com/writing/orkhon.htm
Sándor Klára (2014) A székely írás nyomában
http://real.mtak.hu/22156/1/A_szekely_iras_nyomaban_u_204538.712275.pdf
Yudong Bai and Juanjuan Che, Sogdian Elements in Yenesei Inscriptions, AOH (Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae), 75 (4) 2022,
pp. 593 - 607
Abstract: In several Runic Yenisei inscriptions dating from the 8th and 9th centuries, there are words related to Sogdian, such as Arγu in monument E42, Čač (Tashkent) in E52, Čaγar (柘羯, ‘warrior’) in E55, Pülüs (Paulus / Paul, personal name) in E69, etc. Among them, Pülüs (Paul), the tomb owner of E69, comes from the Shi 石 Kingdom (Tashkent) in Sogdiana. This provides key historical data for understanding the relationship between the Sogdians and Kirghizs,and indicates that there was a material and cultural exchange between them in the Yenisei basin at that time.
https://akjournals.com/view/journals/062/75/4/article-p593.xml
Saint-Belec slab in northwestern France believed to be a "map" of surrounding area
https://www.businessinsider.com/4-000-year-engraved-rock-slab-treasure-map-bronze-age-archaeological-sites-2023-10
G. Clauson (1972) Etymological Dictionary of pre-Thirteenth Century Turkish
http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/40_Language/ClausonEDT/Clauson_EDTPreface.htm
s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/40_Language/ClausonEDT/Clauson_EDTPreface.htm
https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=45987
Hungarian Rune Project receives glowing endorcement from upenn's languagelog (May 2021):
https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=51028
VHM [Victor H. Mair]: "For those who are interested in the history of Turkic runes, from Siberia to Hungary, I cannot recommend this website [Hungarian Rune Project] highly enough. The inscriptions, which are on long, narrow bone objects such as needle cases and bowgrips, are surprisingly lively and informative about culture and society, with the words being drawn from many languages."
László Károly's database of turkic runiform inscriptions:
http://www.runiform.lingfil.uu.se/wiki/Inscriptions_-_Full_list
Türkic Scripts - Codex of Inscriptions:
http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/30_Writing/Codex_EuroAsiaticS._Enisei_En.htm
Omniglot -- Old Turkic / Orkhon Alphabet:
https://omniglot.com/writing/orkhon.htm
Sándor Klára (2014) A székely írás nyomában
http://real.mtak.hu/22156/1/A_szekely_iras_nyomaban_u_204538.712275.pdf
Yudong Bai and Juanjuan Che, Sogdian Elements in Yenesei Inscriptions, AOH (Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae), 75 (4) 2022,
pp. 593 - 607
Abstract: In several Runic Yenisei inscriptions dating from the 8th and 9th centuries, there are words related to Sogdian, such as Arγu in monument E42, Čač (Tashkent) in E52, Čaγar (柘羯, ‘warrior’) in E55, Pülüs (Paulus / Paul, personal name) in E69, etc. Among them, Pülüs (Paul), the tomb owner of E69, comes from the Shi 石 Kingdom (Tashkent) in Sogdiana. This provides key historical data for understanding the relationship between the Sogdians and Kirghizs,and indicates that there was a material and cultural exchange between them in the Yenisei basin at that time.
https://akjournals.com/view/journals/062/75/4/article-p593.xml
Saint-Belec slab in northwestern France believed to be a "map" of surrounding area
https://www.businessinsider.com/4-000-year-engraved-rock-slab-treasure-map-bronze-age-archaeological-sites-2023-10
G. Clauson (1972) Etymological Dictionary of pre-Thirteenth Century Turkish
http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/40_Language/ClausonEDT/Clauson_EDTPreface.htm
s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/40_Language/ClausonEDT/Clauson_EDTPreface.htm
Pap Gabor A nagyszentmiklosi kincs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgXn1o8mKy8
www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgXn1o8mKy8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgXn1o8mKy8
www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgXn1o8mKy8
Fehér Bence: Első ismert írásemlékeink (avarkor) és az ismeretterjesztés
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2WieZjou94
SZABÓ GÉZA January 2022 Presentation -- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdR_Jg4i4hQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2WieZjou94
SZABÓ GÉZA January 2022 Presentation -- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdR_Jg4i4hQ
Great Sayan Mountains (english) (Car Trip through the Sayan Mountains to Tuva)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwDqyqRAq90
Backpacking Trip in the Sayan Mountains (Alexei Filmz) with "You are the Solution" (Loving Caliber) background music theme:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYcTB7H5QLI
Impressive geography lesson on China and surrounding regions:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVaBlat06Sw
Origin of the Turks: Avars, Gokturks, Uighurs:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nGSwgzyiVQ
Mit tudunk az avarokrol? Szécsényi-Nagy Anna: Genetikai adatok a történelem egyik leggyorsabb vándorlásához (2022.aprilis.21 eloadasa)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOXgOG9B_04 www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOXgOG9B_04
Mysterious Avar Inscriptions from Vukovar, Croatia
https://cogniarchae.com/2023/08/31/on-the-mysterious-proto-hungarian-inscription-from-vukovar-croatia/
cogniarchae.com/2023/08/31/on-the-mysterious-proto-hungarian-inscription-from-vukovar-croatia/
Erdélyi Táncház
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nC7juvlwuZs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXrUke-ANto&list=RD_tGfmTw1Dcs&index=2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ykBXNrx9Ob0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXrUke-ANto&list=RDWXrUke-ANto&start_radio=1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4D7EVlDtNs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tGfmTw1Dcs&list=RD_tGfmTw1Dcs&start_radio=1
www.youtube.com/watch?v=qtKahFgkDh4 Eszterlánc - Jegesen
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HdES7qZqyw (Muzsikás együttes -- Nem úgy van most, mint volt régen -- 1982)
www.youtube.com/watch?v=MeA7jBaZWI8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g24ZV1WQsqQ Tükrös zenekar -- A mi Mezőségünk --Magyarpalatkai menyasszonykísérő, csárdás és sűrű csárdás
www.youtube.com/watch?v=3IkgXNUZurM Én az éjjel nem aludtam egy órát
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-y4rYaiFEc Zempléni karikázó
History of the Kipchak Turks (Kazakhs, Kyrgyzs, Tatars...) | every year (cool turkic music)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4FPlD0QfCQ
Magyar Magic: NOX .
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TaM060rzyuo
"örökség" album by NOX: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4FO_WpJCvs
Robert Frost reads his best poems
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05f3agJ--IY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwDqyqRAq90
Backpacking Trip in the Sayan Mountains (Alexei Filmz) with "You are the Solution" (Loving Caliber) background music theme:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYcTB7H5QLI
Impressive geography lesson on China and surrounding regions:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVaBlat06Sw
Origin of the Turks: Avars, Gokturks, Uighurs:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nGSwgzyiVQ
Mit tudunk az avarokrol? Szécsényi-Nagy Anna: Genetikai adatok a történelem egyik leggyorsabb vándorlásához (2022.aprilis.21 eloadasa)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOXgOG9B_04 www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOXgOG9B_04
Mysterious Avar Inscriptions from Vukovar, Croatia
https://cogniarchae.com/2023/08/31/on-the-mysterious-proto-hungarian-inscription-from-vukovar-croatia/
cogniarchae.com/2023/08/31/on-the-mysterious-proto-hungarian-inscription-from-vukovar-croatia/
Erdélyi Táncház
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nC7juvlwuZs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXrUke-ANto&list=RD_tGfmTw1Dcs&index=2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ykBXNrx9Ob0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXrUke-ANto&list=RDWXrUke-ANto&start_radio=1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4D7EVlDtNs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tGfmTw1Dcs&list=RD_tGfmTw1Dcs&start_radio=1
www.youtube.com/watch?v=qtKahFgkDh4 Eszterlánc - Jegesen
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HdES7qZqyw (Muzsikás együttes -- Nem úgy van most, mint volt régen -- 1982)
www.youtube.com/watch?v=MeA7jBaZWI8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g24ZV1WQsqQ Tükrös zenekar -- A mi Mezőségünk --Magyarpalatkai menyasszonykísérő, csárdás és sűrű csárdás
www.youtube.com/watch?v=3IkgXNUZurM Én az éjjel nem aludtam egy órát
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-y4rYaiFEc Zempléni karikázó
History of the Kipchak Turks (Kazakhs, Kyrgyzs, Tatars...) | every year (cool turkic music)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4FPlD0QfCQ
Magyar Magic: NOX .
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TaM060rzyuo
"örökség" album by NOX: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4FO_WpJCvs
Robert Frost reads his best poems
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05f3agJ--IY